Saint-Estèphe is a dry red appellation in Médoc, Bordeaux. The dominant grapes are Cabernet Sauvignon. The key soils are gravel, clay, limestone subsoils in places. The climate is characterized by maritime, Gironde influence, cooling Atlantic effect. More clay influence than some neighboring communes can contribute firmness, power, and Merlot suitability. Typical fruit: blackcurrant, black plum, black cherry. Other typical notes: cedar, graphite, earth, tobacco. Wines typically show high tannin, medium-plus acidity, full body. Ageing potential is high. Northernmost of the four famous Médoc commune appellations in this study set. Often described as firm, structured, and ageworthy.